Reader, John (2001), Africa, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, ISBN0-620-25506-4
Thomson, J. Oliver (1948), History of Ancient Geography, Biblo & Tannen Publishers, ISBN0-8196-0143-8
Welcomme, R.L. (1986), “The Niger River System”, trong Davies, Bryan Robert; Walker, Keith F., The Ecology of River Systems, Springer, tr. 9–60, ISBN90-6193-540-7
